Useful Tree Species for Eastern Africa
a species selection tool based on the VECEA Map
Evergreen and semi-evergreen bushland and thicket (Be)
Description
Evergreen and semi-evergreen bushland and thicket occurs on the drier slopes of mountains and upland areas in East Africa which rise from the lowlands from the Somalia-Masai region all the way from central Tanzania to Eritrea (and beyond). It often forms an ecotone between Afromontane forest (especially Afromontane single-dominant Juniperus procera forest ( Fbj ) and deciduous bushland ( Bd )) - this pattern of occurrence can be clearly observed in northern Kenya such as at on the lower slopes of Mt. Marsabit (2º 16’ N, 37º 57’ E). The mean annual rainfall is mostly between 500 and 850 mm and is irregularly distributed throughout the year but with two main peaks (White 1983 pp. 48 and 115). Evergreen bushland (in mosaic with Lake Victoria Euphorbia dawei scrub forest ( xfe ) that is edaphically restricted to rocky slopes) probably represents the climax vegetation of large parts of the Lake Victoria region. This evergreen bushland variant is floristically similar but also floristically poorer than the vegetation type with the same name that occurs in the Somalia-Masai region.
M. Namaganda 2008; Figure 4.1 in VECEA Volume 4
Plant species
The main species recorded to occur within this vegetation type are listed below. Clicking the name of any of these species will open the page for that species on the Agroforestry Species Switchboard. Between brackets the English vernacular name of the species and the documented country distribution of the species (B=Burundi, E=Ethiopia, K=Kenya, M=Malawi, R=Rwanda, T=Tanzania, U=Uganda, Z=Zambia) is provided.
Based on information on species presence in national manifestations of vegetation types, each species was classified as a regionally dominant, characteristic, present or marginal species for a vegetation type (Read more ...)
- Dominant - if the regional documentation classified the species as dominant.
- Characteristic - if the species was documented to be characteristic for at least half of all the national manifestations of the vegetation type and if the species was characteristic in at least two national manifestations of the vegetation type. Species were always classified as characteristic if the species was a regional indicator or regional characteristic species for the vegetation type.
- Present - if the species was documented to be characteristic in at least one of the national manifestations of the vegetation type or if the species was documented to be present in a least half of all the national manifestations of the vegetation type. Species that were already listed as characteristic were excluded.
- Marginal distribution - if some of the national documentation listed the species, but where the species was not included as characteristic or present.
- Characteristic species Acacia brevispica (Wait-a-bit thorn, BEKRTU), Acacia drepanolobium (Whistling thorn, EKTU), Acacia gerrardii (Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia hockii (White thorn acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia kirkii (Flood-plain acacia, BKRTUZ), Acacia senegal (Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acacia seyal (White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Acokanthera oppositifolia (Common poison bush, KMZ), Acokanthera schimperi (Arrow poison tree, EKRTU), Allophylus africanus (BEKMRTUZ), Aloe kedongensis (K), Aspilia mossambicensis (BEKTU), Azima tetracantha (Bee sting bush, BKMRTUZ), Calodendrum capense (Cape chestnut, KMTU), Canthium keniense (K), Capparis fascicularis (BEKRTUZ), Capparis tomentosa (Woolly caper-bush, BEKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Cissus quadrangularis (Succulent-stemmed wild grape, BKRTU), Cissus rotundifolia (Peruvian Grape Ivy, BEKTU), Croton dichogamus (EKRTU), Cussonia holstii (EKRTU), Dodonaea viscosa (Sand olive, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya burgessiae (Pink wild pear, KMRTUZ), Dracaena ellenbeckiana (Kedong Dracaena, EKTU), Drypetes gerrardii (Bastard white ironwood, BKMRTUZ), Cassine buchananii (EKMRTUZ), Erythrococca bongensis (BEKRTU), Euclea divinorum (Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Gnidia subcordata (Smooth fibre-bush, KTU), Grewia bicolor (Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia similis (BEKRTU), Grewia tembensis (EK), Juniperus procera (East African pencil cedar, EKMTU), Maerua triphylla (Small bead bean, BEKRTUZ), Maytenus heterophylla (Common spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Psiadia punctulata (EKT), Psydrax schimperiana (BEKMRTUZ), Pterolobium stellatum (Redwing, EKMRTUZ), Sarcostemma viminale (Caustic-creeper, BEKRU), Schrebera alata (Wing-leaved wooden-pear, BEKMRTUZ), Scutia myrtina (BEKMRTUZ), Rhus natalensis (Natal rhus, BEKMRTUZ), Tarchonanthus camphoratus (Wild camphor bush, EKTUZ), Tarenna graveolens (BEKRTU), Tinnea aethiopica (EKTU), Turraea mombassana (EKMT), Turraea nilotica (BEKMTZ), Vepris nobilis (Small-fruited teclea, BEKMRTUZ), Vepris simplicifolia (EKT), Vepris trichocarpa (KRTUZ), Vernonia brachycalyx (EKMRTUZ)
- Species present Acacia mellifera (Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Albizia coriaria (BEKTUZ), Berberis holstii (Holst's barberry, EKMTU), Berchemia discolor (Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Bridelia scleroneura (BEKRTU), Cadaba farinosa (Herd's boy fruit, BEKRTU), Canthium lactescens (BEKRTUZ), Catha edulis (Khat, EKMRTUZ), Clerodendrum myricoides (Blue Glorybower, BEKRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia mollis (BEKRTUZ), Harrisonia abyssinica (BEKMRTUZ), Pappea capensis (Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Pistacia aethiopica (Chios mastic tree, EKTU), Pittosporum viridiflorum (Cape Cheesewood, EKMRTUZ), Rhoicissus tridentata (BEKMRTUZ), Vangueria apiculata (EKMRTUZ), Vangueria madagascariensis (Common wild medlar, EKMTU), Zanthoxylum usambarense (EKRT), Ziziphus abyssinica (Abyssinian jujube, BEKMRTUZ)
- Marginal species (occurrence less certain) Acacia lahai (Red thorn, EKTU), Acacia nilotica (Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Acacia polyacantha (Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Albizia zygia (West African albizia, BKRTU), Allophylus rubifolius (BEKMRTUZ), Annona senegalensis (Wild custard apple, BEKMRTUZ), Antidesma venosum (Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Apodytes dimidiata (Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Boscia angustifolia (EKMRTUZ), Bridelia micrantha (Bridelia, BEKMRTUZ), Clausena anisata (Horsewood, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Cordia monoica (Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Crotalaria agatiflora (Lion's claw, EKMRTU), Croton macrostachyus (Broad-leaved croton, BEKMRTUZ), Cussonia arborea (Cabbage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Dovyalis abyssinica (African gooseberry, EKMTU), Erythrina abyssinica (Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Faurea rochetiana (Broad-leaved beech, BEKMRTUZ), Faurea saligna (Beechwood, BKMRTUZ), Ficus glumosa (African rock fig, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Gardenia ternifolia (Powder-bark gardenia, BEKMRTU), Indigofera swaziensis (Velvet indigo tree, KTU), Lannea fulva (BKRTU), Lannea humilis (BEKRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (False marula, EKMRTUZ), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Lippia kituiensis (KT), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Maytenus undata (Koko tree, BEKMRTUZ), Oncoba spinosa (Fried egg tree, BEKMTUZ), Ormocarpum kirkii (Curled caterpillar pod, KMTZ), Osyris lanceolata (East African sandalwood, BEKRTU), Ozoroa insignis (Tropical resin tree, BEKMRTUZ), Pavetta crassipes (BEKTU), Rhamnus staddo (EKRTU), Rhoicissus revoilii (EKMRTUZ), Rhus pyroides (Common wild currant, BEKMRTUZ), Senna didymobotrya (Peanut-butter cassia, BEKMRTUZ), Solanecio cydoniifolius (BKRTU), Solanecio mannii (BEKMRTUZ), Steganotaenia araliacea (Carrot tree, BEKMRTUZ), Stereospermum kunthianum (Pink jacaranda, BEKMTUZ), Strychnos henningsii (Henning's strychnos, EKMTUZ), Terminalia brownii (EKTU), Tetradenia riparia (Misty plume bush, EKRZ), Vangueria infausta (Wild medlar, KMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus pubescens (EKMTUZ)
Products and environmental services of tree species
Documented products and environmental services for the tree species occurring in this vegetation type (Be) are listed below. Clicking the name of any of these species will open the page for that species on the Agroforestry Species Switchboard. Between brackets information is given on the status of each species ('dom' indicates dominant species, 'cha' characteristic species, 'pre' other species and 'mar' species of marginal occurrence), the English vernacular name of the species and the documented country distribution of the species (B=Burundi, E=Ethiopia, K=Kenya, M=Malawi, R=Rwanda, T=Tanzania, U=Uganda, Z=Zambia).
Wood
- Firewood Acacia brevispica (Cha, Wait-a-bit thorn, BEKRTU), Acacia drepanolobium (Cha, Whistling thorn, EKTU), Acacia gerrardii (Cha, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia hockii (Cha, White thorn acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia kirkii (Cha, Flood-plain acacia, BKRTUZ), Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Acokanthera schimperi (Cha, Arrow poison tree, EKRTU), Allophylus africanus (Cha, BEKMRTUZ), Calodendrum capense (Cha, Cape chestnut, KMTU), Capparis tomentosa (Cha, Woolly caper-bush, BEKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Cha, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Dodonaea viscosa (Cha, Sand olive, BEKMRTUZ), Cassine buchananii (Cha, EKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Cha, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Cha, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Cha, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia similis (Cha, BEKRTU), Grewia tembensis (Cha, EK), Juniperus procera (Cha, East African pencil cedar, EKMTU), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Psiadia punctulata (Cha, EKT), Psydrax schimperiana (Cha, BEKMRTUZ), Pterolobium stellatum (Cha, Redwing, EKMRTUZ), Schrebera alata (Cha, Wing-leaved wooden-pear, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus natalensis (Cha, Natal rhus, BEKMRTUZ), Tarchonanthus camphoratus (Cha, Wild camphor bush, EKTUZ), Vepris nobilis (Cha, Small-fruited teclea, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Pre, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Albizia coriaria (Pre, BEKTUZ), Berberis holstii (Pre, Holst's barberry, EKMTU), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Bridelia scleroneura (Pre, BEKRTU), Cadaba farinosa (Pre, Herd's boy fruit, BEKRTU), Canthium lactescens (Pre, BEKRTUZ), Catha edulis (Pre, Khat, EKMRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Pre, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia mollis (Pre, BEKRTUZ), Pappea capensis (Pre, Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Pistacia aethiopica (Pre, Chios mastic tree, EKTU), Pittosporum viridiflorum (Pre, Cape Cheesewood, EKMRTUZ), Vangueria apiculata (Pre, EKMRTUZ), Vangueria madagascariensis (Pre, Common wild medlar, EKMTU), Ziziphus abyssinica (Pre, Abyssinian jujube, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia lahai (Mar, Red thorn, EKTU), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Acacia polyacantha (Mar, Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Albizia zygia (Mar, West African albizia, BKRTU), Allophylus rubifolius (Mar, BEKMRTUZ), Annona senegalensis (Mar, Wild custard apple, BEKMRTUZ), Antidesma venosum (Mar, Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Apodytes dimidiata (Mar, Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Bridelia micrantha (Mar, Bridelia, BEKMRTUZ), Clausena anisata (Mar, Horsewood, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Mar, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Cordia monoica (Mar, Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Croton macrostachyus (Mar, Broad-leaved croton, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Mar, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Faurea saligna (Mar, Beechwood, BKMRTUZ), Ficus glumosa (Mar, African rock fig, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Gardenia ternifolia (Mar, Powder-bark gardenia, BEKMRTU), Indigofera swaziensis (Mar, Velvet indigo tree, KTU), Lannea fulva (Mar, BKRTU), Lannea humilis (Mar, BEKRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Mar, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Lippia kituiensis (Mar, KT), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Maytenus undata (Mar, Koko tree, BEKMRTUZ), Oncoba spinosa (Mar, Fried egg tree, BEKMTUZ), Ormocarpum kirkii (Mar, Curled caterpillar pod, KMTZ), Osyris lanceolata (Mar, East African sandalwood, BEKRTU), Ozoroa insignis (Mar, Tropical resin tree, BEKMRTUZ), Rhamnus staddo (Mar, EKRTU), Rhoicissus revoilii (Mar, EKMRTUZ), Rhus pyroides (Mar, Common wild currant, BEKMRTUZ), Senna didymobotrya (Mar, Peanut-butter cassia, BEKMRTUZ), Solanecio mannii (Mar, BEKMRTUZ), Steganotaenia araliacea (Mar, Carrot tree, BEKMRTUZ), Stereospermum kunthianum (Mar, Pink jacaranda, BEKMTUZ), Strychnos henningsii (Mar, Henning's strychnos, EKMTUZ), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU), Vangueria infausta (Mar, Wild medlar, KMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Mar, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus pubescens (Mar, EKMTUZ)
- Charcoal Acacia drepanolobium (Cha, Whistling thorn, EKTU), Acacia gerrardii (Cha, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia hockii (Cha, White thorn acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia kirkii (Cha, Flood-plain acacia, BKRTUZ), Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Acokanthera schimperi (Cha, Arrow poison tree, EKRTU), Calodendrum capense (Cha, Cape chestnut, KMTU), Dodonaea viscosa (Cha, Sand olive, BEKMRTUZ), Cassine buchananii (Cha, EKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Cha, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Cha, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Juniperus procera (Cha, East African pencil cedar, EKMTU), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Schrebera alata (Cha, Wing-leaved wooden-pear, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus natalensis (Cha, Natal rhus, BEKMRTUZ), Vepris nobilis (Cha, Small-fruited teclea, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Pre, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Albizia coriaria (Pre, BEKTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Bridelia scleroneura (Pre, BEKRTU), Catha edulis (Pre, Khat, EKMRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Pre, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia mollis (Pre, BEKRTUZ), Pappea capensis (Pre, Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Pittosporum viridiflorum (Pre, Cape Cheesewood, EKMRTUZ), Vangueria madagascariensis (Pre, Common wild medlar, EKMTU), Ziziphus abyssinica (Pre, Abyssinian jujube, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia lahai (Mar, Red thorn, EKTU), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Acacia polyacantha (Mar, Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Albizia zygia (Mar, West African albizia, BKRTU), Apodytes dimidiata (Mar, Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Bridelia micrantha (Mar, Bridelia, BEKMRTUZ), Clausena anisata (Mar, Horsewood, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Mar, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Cordia monoica (Mar, Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Croton macrostachyus (Mar, Broad-leaved croton, BEKMRTUZ), Faurea saligna (Mar, Beechwood, BKMRTUZ), Ficus glumosa (Mar, African rock fig, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Gardenia ternifolia (Mar, Powder-bark gardenia, BEKMRTU), Lannea fulva (Mar, BKRTU), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Mar, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Maytenus undata (Mar, Koko tree, BEKMRTUZ), Ozoroa insignis (Mar, Tropical resin tree, BEKMRTUZ), Stereospermum kunthianum (Mar, Pink jacaranda, BEKMTUZ), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Mar, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus pubescens (Mar, EKMTUZ)
- Timber, Furniture, Construction Acacia gerrardii (Cha, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Calodendrum capense (Cha, Cape chestnut, KMTU), Cussonia holstii (Cha, EKRTU), Cassine buchananii (Cha, EKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Cha, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Cha, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Cha, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Juniperus procera (Cha, East African pencil cedar, EKMTU), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus natalensis (Cha, Natal rhus, BEKMRTUZ), Vepris nobilis (Cha, Small-fruited teclea, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Pre, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Albizia coriaria (Pre, BEKTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Catha edulis (Pre, Khat, EKMRTUZ), Grewia mollis (Pre, BEKRTUZ), Pappea capensis (Pre, Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Pittosporum viridiflorum (Pre, Cape Cheesewood, EKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum usambarense (Pre, EKRT), Ziziphus abyssinica (Pre, Abyssinian jujube, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia lahai (Mar, Red thorn, EKTU), Acacia polyacantha (Mar, Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Albizia zygia (Mar, West African albizia, BKRTU), Annona senegalensis (Mar, Wild custard apple, BEKMRTUZ), Apodytes dimidiata (Mar, Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Boscia angustifolia (Mar, EKMRTUZ), Bridelia micrantha (Mar, Bridelia, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Mar, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Cordia monoica (Mar, Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Croton macrostachyus (Mar, Broad-leaved croton, BEKMRTUZ), Cussonia arborea (Mar, Cabbage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Mar, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Faurea saligna (Mar, Beechwood, BKMRTUZ), Ficus glumosa (Mar, African rock fig, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Maytenus undata (Mar, Koko tree, BEKMRTUZ), Oncoba spinosa (Mar, Fried egg tree, BEKMTUZ), Osyris lanceolata (Mar, East African sandalwood, BEKRTU), Ozoroa insignis (Mar, Tropical resin tree, BEKMRTUZ), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Mar, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ)
- Poles, Posts Acacia gerrardii (Cha, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Allophylus africanus (Cha, BEKMRTUZ), Calodendrum capense (Cha, Cape chestnut, KMTU), Dodonaea viscosa (Cha, Sand olive, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Cha, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia similis (Cha, BEKRTU), Juniperus procera (Cha, East African pencil cedar, EKMTU), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Psydrax schimperiana (Cha, BEKMRTUZ), Tarenna graveolens (Cha, BEKRTU), Vepris nobilis (Cha, Small-fruited teclea, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia coriaria (Pre, BEKTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Bridelia scleroneura (Pre, BEKRTU), Canthium lactescens (Pre, BEKRTUZ), Catha edulis (Pre, Khat, EKMRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Pre, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Pappea capensis (Pre, Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Pistacia aethiopica (Pre, Chios mastic tree, EKTU), Vangueria madagascariensis (Pre, Common wild medlar, EKMTU), Ziziphus abyssinica (Pre, Abyssinian jujube, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia lahai (Mar, Red thorn, EKTU), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Acacia polyacantha (Mar, Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Albizia zygia (Mar, West African albizia, BKRTU), Allophylus rubifolius (Mar, BEKMRTUZ), Annona senegalensis (Mar, Wild custard apple, BEKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Bridelia micrantha (Mar, Bridelia, BEKMRTUZ), Clausena anisata (Mar, Horsewood, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Mar, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Cordia monoica (Mar, Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Croton macrostachyus (Mar, Broad-leaved croton, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Faurea saligna (Mar, Beechwood, BKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Lannea fulva (Mar, BKRTU), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Mar, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Osyris lanceolata (Mar, East African sandalwood, BEKRTU), Ozoroa insignis (Mar, Tropical resin tree, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus pyroides (Mar, Common wild currant, BEKMRTUZ), Stereospermum kunthianum (Mar, Pink jacaranda, BEKMTUZ), Strychnos henningsii (Mar, Henning's strychnos, EKMTUZ), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU), Vangueria infausta (Mar, Wild medlar, KMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Mar, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus pubescens (Mar, EKMTUZ)
- Flooring, Panelling Juniperus procera (Cha, East African pencil cedar, EKMTU), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ)
- Beehives Cussonia holstii (Cha, EKRTU), Euphorbia candelabrum (Cha, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Juniperus procera (Cha, East African pencil cedar, EKMTU), Cordia monoica (Mar, Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Erythrina abyssinica (Mar, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Ficus glumosa (Mar, African rock fig, BEKMRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU), Vangueria infausta (Mar, Wild medlar, KMRTUZ)
- Veneer, Plywood
- Tools, Tool handles, Shafts Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acokanthera schimperi (Cha, Arrow poison tree, EKRTU), Calodendrum capense (Cha, Cape chestnut, KMTU), Cussonia holstii (Cha, EKRTU), Dodonaea viscosa (Cha, Sand olive, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Cha, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Cha, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Psydrax schimperiana (Cha, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus natalensis (Cha, Natal rhus, BEKMRTUZ), Tarenna graveolens (Cha, BEKRTU), Vepris nobilis (Cha, Small-fruited teclea, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Pre, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Canthium lactescens (Pre, BEKRTUZ), Catha edulis (Pre, Khat, EKMRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Pre, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia mollis (Pre, BEKRTUZ), Pappea capensis (Pre, Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Pistacia aethiopica (Pre, Chios mastic tree, EKTU), Pittosporum viridiflorum (Pre, Cape Cheesewood, EKMRTUZ), Vangueria madagascariensis (Pre, Common wild medlar, EKMTU), Ziziphus abyssinica (Pre, Abyssinian jujube, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Acacia polyacantha (Mar, Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Annona senegalensis (Mar, Wild custard apple, BEKMRTUZ), Antidesma venosum (Mar, Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Apodytes dimidiata (Mar, Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Bridelia micrantha (Mar, Bridelia, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Mar, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Cordia monoica (Mar, Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Croton macrostachyus (Mar, Broad-leaved croton, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Gardenia ternifolia (Mar, Powder-bark gardenia, BEKMRTU), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Mar, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Lippia kituiensis (Mar, KT), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Maytenus undata (Mar, Koko tree, BEKMRTUZ), Rhamnus staddo (Mar, EKRTU), Rhus pyroides (Mar, Common wild currant, BEKMRTUZ), Steganotaenia araliacea (Mar, Carrot tree, BEKMRTUZ), Stereospermum kunthianum (Mar, Pink jacaranda, BEKMTUZ), Strychnos henningsii (Mar, Henning's strychnos, EKMTUZ), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU), Vangueria infausta (Mar, Wild medlar, KMRTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Mar, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ)
- Carvings, Utensils, Walking stick, Bow, Arrow Acacia gerrardii (Cha, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Cha, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Cussonia holstii (Cha, EKRTU), Euclea divinorum (Cha, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Cha, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Cha, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia similis (Cha, BEKRTU), Grewia tembensis (Cha, EK), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Vepris nobilis (Cha, Small-fruited teclea, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Pre, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Catha edulis (Pre, Khat, EKMRTUZ), Grewia mollis (Pre, BEKRTUZ), Pappea capensis (Pre, Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Vangueria apiculata (Pre, EKMRTUZ), Vangueria madagascariensis (Pre, Common wild medlar, EKMTU), Zanthoxylum usambarense (Pre, EKRT), Ziziphus abyssinica (Pre, Abyssinian jujube, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Boscia angustifolia (Mar, EKMRTUZ), Bridelia micrantha (Mar, Bridelia, BEKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Cordia monoica (Mar, Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Cussonia arborea (Mar, Cabbage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Mar, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Ficus glumosa (Mar, African rock fig, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Mar, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Lippia kituiensis (Mar, KT), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Ormocarpum kirkii (Mar, Curled caterpillar pod, KMTZ), Osyris lanceolata (Mar, East African sandalwood, BEKRTU), Ozoroa insignis (Mar, Tropical resin tree, BEKMRTUZ), Stereospermum kunthianum (Mar, Pink jacaranda, BEKMTUZ), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU), Vangueria infausta (Mar, Wild medlar, KMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Mar, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ)
- Boat building
- Farm implements Calodendrum capense (Cha, Cape chestnut, KMTU), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Psydrax schimperiana (Cha, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus natalensis (Cha, Natal rhus, BEKMRTUZ), Pappea capensis (Pre, Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Acacia polyacantha (Mar, Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Boscia angustifolia (Mar, EKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus pyroides (Mar, Common wild currant, BEKMRTUZ), Steganotaenia araliacea (Mar, Carrot tree, BEKMRTUZ), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU), Vangueria infausta (Mar, Wild medlar, KMRTUZ)
Human consumption
- Edible fruit, Edible nut, Edible seed Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acokanthera oppositifolia (Cha, Common poison bush, KMZ), Acokanthera schimperi (Cha, Arrow poison tree, EKRTU), Carissa spinarum (Cha, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Cha, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Cha, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia similis (Cha, BEKRTU), Grewia tembensis (Cha, EK), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Scutia myrtina (Cha, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus natalensis (Cha, Natal rhus, BEKMRTUZ), Vepris nobilis (Cha, Small-fruited teclea, BEKMRTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Bridelia scleroneura (Pre, BEKRTU), Cadaba farinosa (Pre, Herd's boy fruit, BEKRTU), Canthium lactescens (Pre, BEKRTUZ), Grewia mollis (Pre, BEKRTUZ), Pappea capensis (Pre, Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Rhoicissus tridentata (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Vangueria apiculata (Pre, EKMRTUZ), Vangueria madagascariensis (Pre, Common wild medlar, EKMTU), Ziziphus abyssinica (Pre, Abyssinian jujube, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Annona senegalensis (Mar, Wild custard apple, BEKMRTUZ), Antidesma venosum (Mar, Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Bridelia micrantha (Mar, Bridelia, BEKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Cordia monoica (Mar, Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Dovyalis abyssinica (Mar, African gooseberry, EKMTU), Ficus glumosa (Mar, African rock fig, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Gardenia ternifolia (Mar, Powder-bark gardenia, BEKMRTU), Lannea fulva (Mar, BKRTU), Lannea humilis (Mar, BEKRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Mar, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Lippia kituiensis (Mar, KT), Oncoba spinosa (Mar, Fried egg tree, BEKMTUZ), Osyris lanceolata (Mar, East African sandalwood, BEKRTU), Rhus pyroides (Mar, Common wild currant, BEKMRTUZ), Vangueria infausta (Mar, Wild medlar, KMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Mar, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ)
- Vegetable, Edible leaves, Edible roots Carissa spinarum (Cha, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Cadaba farinosa (Pre, Herd's boy fruit, BEKRTU), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ)
- Seasoning, Flavouring Carissa spinarum (Cha, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia coriaria (Pre, BEKTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Cadaba farinosa (Pre, Herd's boy fruit, BEKRTU), Dichrostachys cinerea (Pre, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Mar, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Dovyalis abyssinica (Mar, African gooseberry, EKMTU), Rhamnus staddo (Mar, EKRTU), Rhoicissus revoilii (Mar, EKMRTUZ), Tetradenia riparia (Mar, Misty plume bush, EKRZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Drink, Soup Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Cha, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Cha, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Pappea capensis (Pre, Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Pistacia aethiopica (Pre, Chios mastic tree, EKTU), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Clausena anisata (Mar, Horsewood, BEKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Dovyalis abyssinica (Mar, African gooseberry, EKMTU), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Lippia kituiensis (Mar, KT), Osyris lanceolata (Mar, East African sandalwood, BEKRTU), Strychnos henningsii (Mar, Henning's strychnos, EKMTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Mar, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ)
- Edible oil, Edible gum, Edible inner bark Acacia drepanolobium (Cha, Whistling thorn, EKTU), Acacia gerrardii (Cha, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Pre, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Pistacia aethiopica (Pre, Chios mastic tree, EKTU), Acacia lahai (Mar, Red thorn, EKTU), Acacia polyacantha (Mar, Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ)
- Jam, Syrup Dovyalis abyssinica (Mar, African gooseberry, EKMTU), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ)
- Medicine Acacia brevispica (Cha, Wait-a-bit thorn, BEKRTU), Acacia drepanolobium (Cha, Whistling thorn, EKTU), Acacia gerrardii (Cha, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia hockii (Cha, White thorn acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia kirkii (Cha, Flood-plain acacia, BKRTUZ), Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Acokanthera schimperi (Cha, Arrow poison tree, EKRTU), Allophylus africanus (Cha, BEKMRTUZ), Capparis tomentosa (Cha, Woolly caper-bush, BEKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Cha, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Cussonia holstii (Cha, EKRTU), Dodonaea viscosa (Cha, Sand olive, BEKMRTUZ), Cassine buchananii (Cha, EKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Cha, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Cha, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Cha, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia similis (Cha, BEKRTU), Grewia tembensis (Cha, EK), Juniperus procera (Cha, East African pencil cedar, EKMTU), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Psiadia punctulata (Cha, EKT), Schrebera alata (Cha, Wing-leaved wooden-pear, BEKMRTUZ), Scutia myrtina (Cha, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus natalensis (Cha, Natal rhus, BEKMRTUZ), Vepris nobilis (Cha, Small-fruited teclea, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Pre, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Albizia coriaria (Pre, BEKTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Bridelia scleroneura (Pre, BEKRTU), Cadaba farinosa (Pre, Herd's boy fruit, BEKRTU), Canthium lactescens (Pre, BEKRTUZ), Catha edulis (Pre, Khat, EKMRTUZ), Clerodendrum myricoides (Pre, Blue Glorybower, BEKRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Pre, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Harrisonia abyssinica (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Pappea capensis (Pre, Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Pistacia aethiopica (Pre, Chios mastic tree, EKTU), Pittosporum viridiflorum (Pre, Cape Cheesewood, EKMRTUZ), Rhoicissus tridentata (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Vangueria madagascariensis (Pre, Common wild medlar, EKMTU), Zanthoxylum usambarense (Pre, EKRT), Ziziphus abyssinica (Pre, Abyssinian jujube, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Acacia polyacantha (Mar, Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Allophylus rubifolius (Mar, BEKMRTUZ), Annona senegalensis (Mar, Wild custard apple, BEKMRTUZ), Antidesma venosum (Mar, Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Apodytes dimidiata (Mar, Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Bridelia micrantha (Mar, Bridelia, BEKMRTUZ), Clausena anisata (Mar, Horsewood, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Mar, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Cordia monoica (Mar, Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Croton macrostachyus (Mar, Broad-leaved croton, BEKMRTUZ), Cussonia arborea (Mar, Cabbage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Dovyalis abyssinica (Mar, African gooseberry, EKMTU), Erythrina abyssinica (Mar, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Faurea saligna (Mar, Beechwood, BKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Gardenia ternifolia (Mar, Powder-bark gardenia, BEKMRTU), Indigofera swaziensis (Mar, Velvet indigo tree, KTU), Lannea fulva (Mar, BKRTU), Lannea humilis (Mar, BEKRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Mar, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Lippia kituiensis (Mar, KT), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Maytenus undata (Mar, Koko tree, BEKMRTUZ), Oncoba spinosa (Mar, Fried egg tree, BEKMTUZ), Ormocarpum kirkii (Mar, Curled caterpillar pod, KMTZ), Osyris lanceolata (Mar, East African sandalwood, BEKRTU), Ozoroa insignis (Mar, Tropical resin tree, BEKMRTUZ), Pavetta crassipes (Mar, BEKTU), Rhamnus staddo (Mar, EKRTU), Rhus pyroides (Mar, Common wild currant, BEKMRTUZ), Senna didymobotrya (Mar, Peanut-butter cassia, BEKMRTUZ), Solanecio cydoniifolius (Mar, BKRTU), Solanecio mannii (Mar, BEKMRTUZ), Steganotaenia araliacea (Mar, Carrot tree, BEKMRTUZ), Stereospermum kunthianum (Mar, Pink jacaranda, BEKMTUZ), Strychnos henningsii (Mar, Henning's strychnos, EKMTUZ), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU), Tetradenia riparia (Mar, Misty plume bush, EKRZ), Vangueria infausta (Mar, Wild medlar, KMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Mar, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ)
Animal consumption
- Fodder Acacia brevispica (Cha, Wait-a-bit thorn, BEKRTU), Acacia drepanolobium (Cha, Whistling thorn, EKTU), Acacia gerrardii (Cha, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia kirkii (Cha, Flood-plain acacia, BKRTUZ), Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Allophylus africanus (Cha, BEKMRTUZ), Capparis tomentosa (Cha, Woolly caper-bush, BEKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Cha, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Cussonia holstii (Cha, EKRTU), Euclea divinorum (Cha, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Cha, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia similis (Cha, BEKRTU), Grewia tembensis (Cha, EK), Psydrax schimperiana (Cha, BEKMRTUZ), Pterolobium stellatum (Cha, Redwing, EKMRTUZ), Scutia myrtina (Cha, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus natalensis (Cha, Natal rhus, BEKMRTUZ), Tarchonanthus camphoratus (Cha, Wild camphor bush, EKTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Pre, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Albizia coriaria (Pre, BEKTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Bridelia scleroneura (Pre, BEKRTU), Cadaba farinosa (Pre, Herd's boy fruit, BEKRTU), Dichrostachys cinerea (Pre, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia mollis (Pre, BEKRTUZ), Pappea capensis (Pre, Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Ziziphus abyssinica (Pre, Abyssinian jujube, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Acacia polyacantha (Mar, Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Allophylus rubifolius (Mar, BEKMRTUZ), Annona senegalensis (Mar, Wild custard apple, BEKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Boscia angustifolia (Mar, EKMRTUZ), Bridelia micrantha (Mar, Bridelia, BEKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Cordia monoica (Mar, Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Croton macrostachyus (Mar, Broad-leaved croton, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Dovyalis abyssinica (Mar, African gooseberry, EKMTU), Erythrina abyssinica (Mar, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Faurea saligna (Mar, Beechwood, BKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Indigofera swaziensis (Mar, Velvet indigo tree, KTU), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Ormocarpum kirkii (Mar, Curled caterpillar pod, KMTZ), Pavetta crassipes (Mar, BEKTU), Rhus pyroides (Mar, Common wild currant, BEKMRTUZ), Solanecio mannii (Mar, BEKMRTUZ), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU), Vangueria infausta (Mar, Wild medlar, KMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Mar, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus pubescens (Mar, EKMTUZ)
- Bee forage Acacia brevispica (Cha, Wait-a-bit thorn, BEKRTU), Acacia drepanolobium (Cha, Whistling thorn, EKTU), Acacia gerrardii (Cha, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Allophylus africanus (Cha, BEKMRTUZ), Calodendrum capense (Cha, Cape chestnut, KMTU), Carissa spinarum (Cha, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Cussonia holstii (Cha, EKRTU), Dodonaea viscosa (Cha, Sand olive, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Cha, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus natalensis (Cha, Natal rhus, BEKMRTUZ), Tarenna graveolens (Cha, BEKRTU), Acacia mellifera (Pre, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Albizia coriaria (Pre, BEKTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Canthium lactescens (Pre, BEKRTUZ), Clerodendrum myricoides (Pre, Blue Glorybower, BEKRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Pre, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Harrisonia abyssinica (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Pappea capensis (Pre, Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Pistacia aethiopica (Pre, Chios mastic tree, EKTU), Vangueria madagascariensis (Pre, Common wild medlar, EKMTU), Ziziphus abyssinica (Pre, Abyssinian jujube, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia lahai (Mar, Red thorn, EKTU), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Acacia polyacantha (Mar, Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Allophylus rubifolius (Mar, BEKMRTUZ), Antidesma venosum (Mar, Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Apodytes dimidiata (Mar, Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Bridelia micrantha (Mar, Bridelia, BEKMRTUZ), Clausena anisata (Mar, Horsewood, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Mar, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Cordia monoica (Mar, Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Croton macrostachyus (Mar, Broad-leaved croton, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Dovyalis abyssinica (Mar, African gooseberry, EKMTU), Erythrina abyssinica (Mar, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Faurea saligna (Mar, Beechwood, BKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Gardenia ternifolia (Mar, Powder-bark gardenia, BEKMRTU), Indigofera swaziensis (Mar, Velvet indigo tree, KTU), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Mar, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Lippia kituiensis (Mar, KT), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Osyris lanceolata (Mar, East African sandalwood, BEKRTU), Pavetta crassipes (Mar, BEKTU), Stereospermum kunthianum (Mar, Pink jacaranda, BEKMTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Mar, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus pubescens (Mar, EKMTUZ)
Environmental services
- Shade Acacia gerrardii (Cha, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia kirkii (Cha, Flood-plain acacia, BKRTUZ), Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Acokanthera oppositifolia (Cha, Common poison bush, KMZ), Acokanthera schimperi (Cha, Arrow poison tree, EKRTU), Calodendrum capense (Cha, Cape chestnut, KMTU), Cussonia holstii (Cha, EKRTU), Cassine buchananii (Cha, EKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Cha, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Cha, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Cha, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Juniperus procera (Cha, East African pencil cedar, EKMTU), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Psydrax schimperiana (Cha, BEKMRTUZ), Scutia myrtina (Cha, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus natalensis (Cha, Natal rhus, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia coriaria (Pre, BEKTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Bridelia scleroneura (Pre, BEKRTU), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Pappea capensis (Pre, Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Vangueria apiculata (Pre, EKMRTUZ), Vangueria madagascariensis (Pre, Common wild medlar, EKMTU), Ziziphus abyssinica (Pre, Abyssinian jujube, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia lahai (Mar, Red thorn, EKTU), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Albizia zygia (Mar, West African albizia, BKRTU), Antidesma venosum (Mar, Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Bridelia micrantha (Mar, Bridelia, BEKMRTUZ), Cordia monoica (Mar, Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Croton macrostachyus (Mar, Broad-leaved croton, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Mar, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Ficus glumosa (Mar, African rock fig, BEKMRTUZ), Gardenia ternifolia (Mar, Powder-bark gardenia, BEKMRTU), Lannea fulva (Mar, BKRTU), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Mar, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Ozoroa insignis (Mar, Tropical resin tree, BEKMRTUZ), Solanecio mannii (Mar, BEKMRTUZ), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU), Vangueria infausta (Mar, Wild medlar, KMRTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Mar, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus pubescens (Mar, EKMTUZ)
- Ornamental, Avenue tree Acokanthera oppositifolia (Cha, Common poison bush, KMZ), Acokanthera schimperi (Cha, Arrow poison tree, EKRTU), Calodendrum capense (Cha, Cape chestnut, KMTU), Carissa spinarum (Cha, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Dodonaea viscosa (Cha, Sand olive, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Juniperus procera (Cha, East African pencil cedar, EKMTU), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Pterolobium stellatum (Cha, Redwing, EKMRTUZ), Schrebera alata (Cha, Wing-leaved wooden-pear, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus natalensis (Cha, Natal rhus, BEKMRTUZ), Tarenna graveolens (Cha, BEKRTU), Albizia coriaria (Pre, BEKTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Bridelia scleroneura (Pre, BEKRTU), Clerodendrum myricoides (Pre, Blue Glorybower, BEKRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Pre, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Harrisonia abyssinica (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Pappea capensis (Pre, Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Pistacia aethiopica (Pre, Chios mastic tree, EKTU), Vangueria apiculata (Pre, EKMRTUZ), Vangueria madagascariensis (Pre, Common wild medlar, EKMTU), Acacia polyacantha (Mar, Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Albizia zygia (Mar, West African albizia, BKRTU), Annona senegalensis (Mar, Wild custard apple, BEKMRTUZ), Antidesma venosum (Mar, Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Apodytes dimidiata (Mar, Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Croton macrostachyus (Mar, Broad-leaved croton, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Mar, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Faurea saligna (Mar, Beechwood, BKMRTUZ), Gardenia ternifolia (Mar, Powder-bark gardenia, BEKMRTU), Lannea fulva (Mar, BKRTU), Lippia kituiensis (Mar, KT), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Maytenus undata (Mar, Koko tree, BEKMRTUZ), Oncoba spinosa (Mar, Fried egg tree, BEKMTUZ), Ormocarpum kirkii (Mar, Curled caterpillar pod, KMTZ), Osyris lanceolata (Mar, East African sandalwood, BEKRTU), Rhus pyroides (Mar, Common wild currant, BEKMRTUZ), Solanecio mannii (Mar, BEKMRTUZ), Stereospermum kunthianum (Mar, Pink jacaranda, BEKMTUZ), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU), Vangueria infausta (Mar, Wild medlar, KMRTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Mar, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ)
- Mulch Calodendrum capense (Cha, Cape chestnut, KMTU), Cassine buchananii (Cha, EKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Bridelia micrantha (Mar, Bridelia, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Mar, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Crotalaria agatiflora (Mar, Lion's claw, EKMRTU), Croton macrostachyus (Mar, Broad-leaved croton, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Mar, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Faurea saligna (Mar, Beechwood, BKMRTUZ), Gardenia ternifolia (Mar, Powder-bark gardenia, BEKMRTU), Rhus pyroides (Mar, Common wild currant, BEKMRTUZ), Senna didymobotrya (Mar, Peanut-butter cassia, BEKMRTUZ), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU)
- Nitrogen fixation Acacia gerrardii (Cha, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Pre, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Albizia coriaria (Pre, BEKTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Pre, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia lahai (Mar, Red thorn, EKTU), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Acacia polyacantha (Mar, Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Albizia zygia (Mar, West African albizia, BKRTU), Crotalaria agatiflora (Mar, Lion's claw, EKMRTU), Erythrina abyssinica (Mar, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ)
- Soil conservation, Soil improvement Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Allophylus africanus (Cha, BEKMRTUZ), Dodonaea viscosa (Cha, Sand olive, BEKMRTUZ), Cassine buchananii (Cha, EKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Psiadia punctulata (Cha, EKT), Tarchonanthus camphoratus (Cha, Wild camphor bush, EKTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Pre, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Pre, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Pittosporum viridiflorum (Pre, Cape Cheesewood, EKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Acacia polyacantha (Mar, Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Allophylus rubifolius (Mar, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Mar, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Croton macrostachyus (Mar, Broad-leaved croton, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Dovyalis abyssinica (Mar, African gooseberry, EKMTU), Erythrina abyssinica (Mar, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Ficus glumosa (Mar, African rock fig, BEKMRTUZ), Gardenia ternifolia (Mar, Powder-bark gardenia, BEKMRTU), Osyris lanceolata (Mar, East African sandalwood, BEKRTU), Senna didymobotrya (Mar, Peanut-butter cassia, BEKMRTUZ), Solanecio cydoniifolius (Mar, BKRTU), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU), Tetradenia riparia (Mar, Misty plume bush, EKRZ), Ziziphus pubescens (Mar, EKMTUZ)
- River bank, Sand stabilization Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Capparis tomentosa (Cha, Woolly caper-bush, BEKMRTUZ), Dodonaea viscosa (Cha, Sand olive, BEKMRTUZ), Cadaba farinosa (Pre, Herd's boy fruit, BEKRTU), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Acacia polyacantha (Mar, Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Bridelia micrantha (Mar, Bridelia, BEKMRTUZ), Clausena anisata (Mar, Horsewood, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Mar, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ)
- Windbreak Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Calodendrum capense (Cha, Cape chestnut, KMTU), Dodonaea viscosa (Cha, Sand olive, BEKMRTUZ), Juniperus procera (Cha, East African pencil cedar, EKMTU), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Tarchonanthus camphoratus (Cha, Wild camphor bush, EKTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Annona senegalensis (Mar, Wild custard apple, BEKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Faurea saligna (Mar, Beechwood, BKMRTUZ), Ficus glumosa (Mar, African rock fig, BEKMRTUZ), Gardenia ternifolia (Mar, Powder-bark gardenia, BEKMRTU)
Other products
- Fibre, Weaving, Rope Acacia hockii (Cha, White thorn acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Cha, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Pre, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia mollis (Pre, BEKRTUZ), Rhoicissus tridentata (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus abyssinica (Pre, Abyssinian jujube, BEKMRTUZ), Annona senegalensis (Mar, Wild custard apple, BEKMRTUZ), Cordia monoica (Mar, Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Crotalaria agatiflora (Mar, Lion's claw, EKMRTU), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Lannea humilis (Mar, BEKRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Osyris lanceolata (Mar, East African sandalwood, BEKRTU)
- Thatch, Roofing, Mats, Baskets Dodonaea viscosa (Cha, Sand olive, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Cha, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Juniperus procera (Cha, East African pencil cedar, EKMTU), Psiadia punctulata (Cha, EKT), Grewia mollis (Pre, BEKRTUZ), Vangueria madagascariensis (Pre, Common wild medlar, EKMTU), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Mar, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ)
- Resin, Gum, Glue, Latex Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Cha, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Acacia polyacantha (Mar, Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Ozoroa insignis (Mar, Tropical resin tree, BEKMRTUZ)
- Tannin, Dye Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Cha, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Cha, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Pterolobium stellatum (Cha, Redwing, EKMRTUZ), Rhus natalensis (Cha, Natal rhus, BEKMRTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Pre, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Pappea capensis (Pre, Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Ziziphus abyssinica (Pre, Abyssinian jujube, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia lahai (Mar, Red thorn, EKTU), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Annona senegalensis (Mar, Wild custard apple, BEKMRTUZ), Antidesma venosum (Mar, Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Bridelia micrantha (Mar, Bridelia, BEKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Faurea saligna (Mar, Beechwood, BKMRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Osyris lanceolata (Mar, East African sandalwood, BEKRTU), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU)
- Live fence, Dead fence Acacia brevispica (Cha, Wait-a-bit thorn, BEKRTU), Acacia drepanolobium (Cha, Whistling thorn, EKTU), Acacia gerrardii (Cha, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia hockii (Cha, White thorn acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia kirkii (Cha, Flood-plain acacia, BKRTUZ), Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Acokanthera oppositifolia (Cha, Common poison bush, KMZ), Capparis tomentosa (Cha, Woolly caper-bush, BEKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Cha, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Dodonaea viscosa (Cha, Sand olive, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Cha, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia tembensis (Cha, EK), Pterolobium stellatum (Cha, Redwing, EKMRTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Pre, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Berberis holstii (Pre, Holst's barberry, EKMTU), Dichrostachys cinerea (Pre, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Harrisonia abyssinica (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Rhoicissus tridentata (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum usambarense (Pre, EKRT), Ziziphus abyssinica (Pre, Abyssinian jujube, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Acacia polyacantha (Mar, Falcon's claw acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Cordia monoica (Mar, Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Cussonia arborea (Mar, Cabbage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Dovyalis abyssinica (Mar, African gooseberry, EKMTU), Erythrina abyssinica (Mar, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Gardenia ternifolia (Mar, Powder-bark gardenia, BEKMRTU), Lannea humilis (Mar, BEKRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Maytenus undata (Mar, Koko tree, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus pyroides (Mar, Common wild currant, BEKMRTUZ), Solanecio mannii (Mar, BEKMRTUZ), Strychnos henningsii (Mar, Henning's strychnos, EKMTUZ), Tetradenia riparia (Mar, Misty plume bush, EKRZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Mar, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ)
- Ceremonial Acacia seyal (Cha, White-galled acacia, BEKMTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Cha, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Cha, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Juniperus procera (Cha, East African pencil cedar, EKMTU), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Psiadia punctulata (Cha, EKT), Clerodendrum myricoides (Pre, Blue Glorybower, BEKRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Pre, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Ziziphus abyssinica (Pre, Abyssinian jujube, BEKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Cordia monoica (Mar, Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Croton macrostachyus (Mar, Broad-leaved croton, BEKMRTUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Mar, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Faurea saligna (Mar, Beechwood, BKMRTUZ), Solanecio cydoniifolius (Mar, BKRTU)
- Traditional uses Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Mar, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Gardenia ternifolia (Mar, Powder-bark gardenia, BEKMRTU)
- Toothbrushes Acacia hockii (Cha, White thorn acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Dodonaea viscosa (Cha, Sand olive, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Cha, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Cha, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus natalensis (Cha, Natal rhus, BEKMRTUZ), Albizia coriaria (Pre, BEKTUZ), Cadaba farinosa (Pre, Herd's boy fruit, BEKRTU), Pistacia aethiopica (Pre, Chios mastic tree, EKTU), Zanthoxylum usambarense (Pre, EKRT), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Clausena anisata (Mar, Horsewood, BEKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Mar, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Rhus pyroides (Mar, Common wild currant, BEKMRTUZ), Stereospermum kunthianum (Mar, Pink jacaranda, BEKMTUZ), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Boundary marking
- Veterinary medicine, Vermifuge Acacia brevispica (Cha, Wait-a-bit thorn, BEKRTU), Acacia drepanolobium (Cha, Whistling thorn, EKTU), Acacia senegal (Cha, Gum arabic tree, EKRTUZ), Acokanthera schimperi (Cha, Arrow poison tree, EKRTU), Carissa spinarum (Cha, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Cassine buchananii (Cha, EKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Cha, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Cha, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Juniperus procera (Cha, East African pencil cedar, EKMTU), Vepris nobilis (Cha, Small-fruited teclea, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Pre, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Albizia coriaria (Pre, BEKTUZ), Cadaba farinosa (Pre, Herd's boy fruit, BEKRTU), Harrisonia abyssinica (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Boscia angustifolia (Mar, EKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Mar, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Cordia monoica (Mar, Sandpaper cordia, BEKTU), Croton macrostachyus (Mar, Broad-leaved croton, BEKMRTUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Mar, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus pyroides (Mar, Common wild currant, BEKMRTUZ), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Toxin, Insecticide, Repellent Acokanthera schimperi (Cha, Arrow poison tree, EKRTU), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Lippia kituiensis (Mar, KT)
- Cosmetic, Soap, Perfume, Oil Pappea capensis (Pre, Cape pappea, EKMRTUZ), Albizia amara (Mar, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Clausena anisata (Mar, Horsewood, BEKMRTUZ), Croton macrostachyus (Mar, Broad-leaved croton, BEKMRTUZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Osyris lanceolata (Mar, East African sandalwood, BEKRTU)
- Brooms
- Smoke bath Dodonaea viscosa (Cha, Sand olive, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Psiadia punctulata (Cha, EKT), Combretum molle (Mar, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Rhamnus staddo (Mar, EKRTU), Terminalia brownii (Mar, EKTU)
For more detailed information about the species occurrences see this excel workbook. It provides country specific information on species composition for this vegetation type. It also allows you to select a subset of useful tree species to provide desired products and services. For each species links to a number of websites / databases with information about this species are provided as well.
Conservation status
The table shows the area (km2) of the vegetation type and the percentage of this area explicitly designated for biodiversity, species or landscape protection (A) and areas designated for both protection and sustainable use objectives (B). Only the nationally designated protected areas were included. It should be noted that the vegetation type may form only a small part of the listed compound types. For example, Be only occurs at the margins of the Fb/Be/wd compound vegetation type.
| PNV | Area (km2) | A (%) | B (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Be | 71,708 | 8.90 | 7.30 |
| Be/fe/R | 2,442 | 4.10 | 0.00 |
| Be/P | 17 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Be/R | 7,267 | 5.80 | 0.00 |
| Be/We | 3,855 | 2.40 | 0.00 |
| Fb/Be/wd | 194,316 | 0.60 | 10.80 |
A) Include the IUCN categories I - IV; B) Include the IUCN categories V - VI and the protected areas without IUCN classification. Read more
There are seven different International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) management categories, based on their principle management objectives. Six of these can be found in the VECEA region. Based on van Breugel et al. (2015), we reclassified these six categories into two groups. The first (A) is composed of the IUCN categories Ib, II, III and IV, all of which are explicitly designated for biodiversity, species or landscape protection. The second (B) is composed of IUCN category V, designated to protect a landscape created through interaction of people and nature, and VI, which is designated for both protection and sustainable use objectives. In group B we also included the protected areas not classified into one of the IUCN categories. These include different types of national or community forest reserves and areas that have a focus on wildlife or game management. It should be noted that the aggregation of the protected areas in these two groups (A and B) does not imply any assumptions from our side on the effectiveness of the management in these different categories.
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//vegetationmap4africa.org
Documentation
Citation and terms of use
Click here for the full terms of use, disclaimer and errors and omissions statement that accompanies our data. When using our data, you agree with these terms.
Citation
Kindt R, van Breugel P, Orwa C, Lillesø JPB, Jamnadass R and Graudal L (2015) Useful tree species for Eastern Africa: a species selection tool based on the VECEA map. Version 2.0. World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) and Forest & Landscape Denmark. //vegetationmap4africa.org
van Breugel P, Kindt R, Lillesø JPB, Bingham M, Demissew S, Dudley C, Friis I, Gachathi F, Kalema J, Mbago F, Moshi HN, Mulumba, J, Namaganda M, Ndangalasi HJ, Ruffo CK, Védaste M, Jamnadass R and Graudal L (2015) Potential Natural Vegetation Map of Eastern Africa (Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia). Version 2.0. Forest and Landscape (Denmark) and World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF). URL: //vegetationmap4africa.org
van Breugel P, Kindt R, Lillesø J-PB, van Breugel M (2015) Environmental Gap Analysis to Prioritize Conservation Efforts in Eastern Africa. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0121444. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0121444
Terms of use
1) The data and tools on //vegetationmap4africa.org can be freely downloaded and used for educational, conservation and research purposes.
2) The recipient of the data will provide a full and appropriate acknowledgement and citation (see above) in any materials or publications derived in part or in whole from the data. For any publications making substantial use of the data, the VECEA team welcome the opportunity for coauthorship, collaboration and to comment prior to publication. Expressions of interest can be send using the contact form.
3) Reproduction of the dataset or products derived from it, either whole or in part, for commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the VECEA team. For the purposes of these Terms of Use, "commercial purposes" means a) any use by, on behalf of, or to inform or assist the activities of, a commercial entity (an entity that operates "for profit") or b) use by any non-profit entity for the purposes of revenue generation. If you require permission please email info@ecodiv.org
4) The recipient will not pass the original datasets on to third parties and will direct all requests for use of the data back to //vegetationmap4africa.org.
5) The recipient will not publish the data in their original format, either whole or in part, on a website, FTP site, CD, memory stick or any other media. The recipient should provide a link to the original data source location on the //vegetationmap4africa.org website where appropriate.
6) The recipient may only pass on datasets derived from these maps if the derived data are supplied with the same terms of use.
7) Use of these data does not constitute endorsement by the VECEA team or its partners of any derived products, reports or analyses.
8) The data are provided with additional supporting metadata, describing how they were compiled, ownership, type and quality of data, and limitations. The recipient must read all supporting information prior to any analysis and agree to abide by any stipulations contained therein. We cannot accept responsibility for the consequences of errors or omissions in the data, for misuse of the data by any organisation or individual, or for any damage done to computing systems into which the data are entered (see Disclaimer below).
9) The VECEA team will be informed about any products published using these data
Disclaimer
The VECEA team and its partners make no warranties or representations, express or implied, regarding the use of the material appearing in this dataset with regard to their correctness, reliability, accuracy, or otherwise. The material and geographic designations in this dataset do not imply the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the VECEA team, the Copenhagen University or the World Agroforestry Center concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, nor concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The VECEA team, the Copenhagen University nor the World Agroforestry Center shall be responsible or liable to any person, firm or corporation for any loss, damage, injury, claim or liability of any kind or character based on or resulting from any information contained in the dataset.
Errors and omissions
The VECEA team endeavour to maintain accurate and up-to-date data at all times. However, if errors or omissions are identified, the user should notify the VECEA team so that they can be corrected in future releases of the data. Users can contact the VECEA team using the contact form.
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