Useful Tree Species for Eastern Africa
a species selection tool based on the VECEA Map
Zanzibar-Inhambane scrub forest (Fq)
Description
Scrub forests are intermediate in structure between forest and bushland (and thicket). They are usually 10 - 15 m high. Trees (woody plants with well-defined and upright boles) are usually present but do not form a closed canopy. Diospyros cornii forms a discontinuous upper canopy of 9 to 15 m high. Manilkara mochisia is an almost constant associate, but is less plentiful. In many places, scrub forest has been degraded and converted into secondary deciduous bushland (White 1983 p. 188). Smaller woody plants (principally bushes and shrubs) contribute at least as much as the trees to the appearance of this vegetation type.
Zanzibar-Inhambane scrub forest forms a quasi-continuous belt that separates the forests of the coastal region (i.e. mainly Zanzibar-Inhambane undifferentiated forest ( Fp ) from the bushlands of the interior (i.e. especially deciduous bushland (Bd). This scrub forest reaches the Kenyan coast between Malindi and Lamu, where the rainfall is lower than elsewhere, and extends to southern Tanzania. On the regional map, this forest type is mapped as part of the coastal mosaic (CM).
Plant species
The main species recorded to occur within this vegetation type are listed below. Clicking the name of any of these species will open the page for that species on the Agroforestry Species Switchboard. Between brackets the English vernacular name of the species and the documented country distribution of the species (B=Burundi, E=Ethiopia, K=Kenya, M=Malawi, R=Rwanda, T=Tanzania, U=Uganda, Z=Zambia) is provided.
Based on information on species presence in national manifestations of vegetation types, each species was classified as a regionally dominant, characteristic, present or marginal species for a vegetation type (Read more ...)
- Dominant - if the regional documentation classified the species as dominant.
- Characteristic - if the species was documented to be characteristic for at least half of all the national manifestations of the vegetation type and if the species was characteristic in at least two national manifestations of the vegetation type. Species were always classified as characteristic if the species was a regional indicator or regional characteristic species for the vegetation type.
- Present - if the species was documented to be characteristic in at least one of the national manifestations of the vegetation type or if the species was documented to be present in a least half of all the national manifestations of the vegetation type. Species that were already listed as characteristic were excluded.
- Marginal distribution - if some of the national documentation listed the species, but where the species was not included as characteristic or present.
- Dominant species
- Characteristic species Adenia globosa (EKT), Bivinia jalbertii (Cobweb tree, KT), Catunaregam nilotica (EKTU), Croton pseudopulchellus (KMTZ), Diospyros consolatae (KT), Dobera glabra (EKUZ), Euclea natalensis (Large leaved guarri, KMTZ), Euclea racemosa (Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Euphorbia grandicornis (KU), Grandidiera boivinii (KT), Haplocoelum foliolosum (Northern galla plum, EKRTUZ), Haplocoelum inoploeum (KT), Newtonia erlangeri (KT), Ochna thomasiana (Birds eye bush, KT), Sideroxylon inerme (White milkwood, KTZ), Spirostachys venenifera (KT), Suregada zanzibariensis (Woodland suregada, KT), Thespesia danis (EKT), Thilachium africanum (KT)
- Species present Acacia brevispica (Wait-a-bit thorn, BEKRTU), Afzelia quanzensis (Mahogany bean, KMTUZ), Albizia adianthifolia (Rough-bark flat-crown, BKMRTUZ), Albizia anthelmintica (Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Albizia petersiana (KMRTU), Albizia versicolor (Poison-pod albizia, BKMRTUZ), Allophylus rubifolius (BEKMRTUZ), Boscia salicifolia (Willow-leaved boscia, EKMTUZ), Brachylaena huillensis (East African sandalwood, KTU), Carissa spinarum (Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum schumannii (Forest tree combretum, KMTZ), Cordyla africana (Wild mango, KMTZ), Dalbergia nitidula (Glossy flat-bean, BMRTUZ), Dialium orientale (KT), Diospyros mespiliformis (African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia villosa (Mallow-leaved cross-berry, EKTU), Harrisonia abyssinica (BEKMRTUZ), Hymenaea verrucosa (Gum copal tree, KT), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Manilkara sansibarensis (KT), Manilkara sulcata (KT), Markhamia obtusifolia (Golden bean tree, BKMRTZ), Milicia excelsa (Mvule, BEKMRTU), Olea europaea (African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Rhodognaphalon schumannianum (Wild kapok, KMRT), Sorindeia madagascariensis (Grape mango, KMT), Strychnos henningsii (Henning's strychnos, EKMTUZ), Strychnos innocua (Dull-leaved strychnos, BEKMRTUZ), Syzygium cordatum (Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Terminalia prunioides (Purple pod cluster-leaf, EKTZ), Terminalia spinosa (Spiny terminalia, EKTU), Vitex doniana (Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Vitex payos (Black plum, KTZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Marginal species (occurrence less certain) Acacia bussei (EKT), Acacia mellifera (Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Hyphaene compressa (Doum palm, EKT)
Products and environmental services of tree species
Documented products and environmental services for the tree species occurring in this vegetation type (Fq) are listed below. Clicking the name of any of these species will open the page for that species on the Agroforestry Species Switchboard. Between brackets information is given on the status of each species ('dom' indicates dominant species, 'cha' characteristic species, 'pre' other species and 'mar' species of marginal occurrence), the English vernacular name of the species and the documented country distribution of the species (B=Burundi, E=Ethiopia, K=Kenya, M=Malawi, R=Rwanda, T=Tanzania, U=Uganda, Z=Zambia).
Wood
- Firewood Manilkara mochisia (Dom, Milk berry, KMTZ), Dobera glabra (Cha, EKUZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Thespesia danis (Cha, EKT), Acacia brevispica (Pre, Wait-a-bit thorn, BEKRTU), Albizia adianthifolia (Pre, Rough-bark flat-crown, BKMRTUZ), Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Albizia petersiana (Pre, KMRTU), Albizia versicolor (Pre, Poison-pod albizia, BKMRTUZ), Allophylus rubifolius (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Boscia salicifolia (Pre, Willow-leaved boscia, EKMTUZ), Brachylaena huillensis (Pre, East African sandalwood, KTU), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum schumannii (Pre, Forest tree combretum, KMTZ), Dalbergia nitidula (Pre, Glossy flat-bean, BMRTUZ), Dialium orientale (Pre, KT), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia villosa (Pre, Mallow-leaved cross-berry, EKTU), Hymenaea verrucosa (Pre, Gum copal tree, KT), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Pre, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Manilkara sansibarensis (Pre, KT), Manilkara sulcata (Pre, KT), Milicia excelsa (Pre, Mvule, BEKMRTU), Olea europaea (Pre, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Sorindeia madagascariensis (Pre, Grape mango, KMT), Strychnos henningsii (Pre, Henning's strychnos, EKMTUZ), Strychnos innocua (Pre, Dull-leaved strychnos, BEKMRTUZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Terminalia prunioides (Pre, Purple pod cluster-leaf, EKTZ), Terminalia spinosa (Pre, Spiny terminalia, EKTU), Vitex doniana (Pre, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Vitex payos (Pre, Black plum, KTZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Pre, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia bussei (Mar, EKT), Acacia mellifera (Mar, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Hyphaene compressa (Mar, Doum palm, EKT)
- Charcoal Manilkara mochisia (Dom, Milk berry, KMTZ), Albizia adianthifolia (Pre, Rough-bark flat-crown, BKMRTUZ), Albizia petersiana (Pre, KMRTU), Albizia versicolor (Pre, Poison-pod albizia, BKMRTUZ), Brachylaena huillensis (Pre, East African sandalwood, KTU), Combretum schumannii (Pre, Forest tree combretum, KMTZ), Dalbergia nitidula (Pre, Glossy flat-bean, BMRTUZ), Dialium orientale (Pre, KT), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Hymenaea verrucosa (Pre, Gum copal tree, KT), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Pre, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Milicia excelsa (Pre, Mvule, BEKMRTU), Olea europaea (Pre, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Strychnos innocua (Pre, Dull-leaved strychnos, BEKMRTUZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Terminalia prunioides (Pre, Purple pod cluster-leaf, EKTZ), Terminalia spinosa (Pre, Spiny terminalia, EKTU), Vitex doniana (Pre, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Pre, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia bussei (Mar, EKT), Acacia mellifera (Mar, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ)
- Timber, Furniture, Construction Manilkara mochisia (Dom, Milk berry, KMTZ), Dobera glabra (Cha, EKUZ), Sideroxylon inerme (Cha, White milkwood, KTZ), Spirostachys venenifera (Cha, KT), Afzelia quanzensis (Pre, Mahogany bean, KMTUZ), Albizia adianthifolia (Pre, Rough-bark flat-crown, BKMRTUZ), Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Albizia petersiana (Pre, KMRTU), Albizia versicolor (Pre, Poison-pod albizia, BKMRTUZ), Brachylaena huillensis (Pre, East African sandalwood, KTU), Combretum schumannii (Pre, Forest tree combretum, KMTZ), Cordyla africana (Pre, Wild mango, KMTZ), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Hymenaea verrucosa (Pre, Gum copal tree, KT), Manilkara sansibarensis (Pre, KT), Manilkara sulcata (Pre, KT), Markhamia obtusifolia (Pre, Golden bean tree, BKMRTZ), Milicia excelsa (Pre, Mvule, BEKMRTU), Olea europaea (Pre, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Rhodognaphalon schumannianum (Pre, Wild kapok, KMRT), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Terminalia prunioides (Pre, Purple pod cluster-leaf, EKTZ), Terminalia spinosa (Pre, Spiny terminalia, EKTU), Vitex doniana (Pre, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Pre, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Mar, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Hyphaene compressa (Mar, Doum palm, EKT)
- Poles, Posts Manilkara mochisia (Dom, Milk berry, KMTZ), Sideroxylon inerme (Cha, White milkwood, KTZ), Spirostachys venenifera (Cha, KT), Thespesia danis (Cha, EKT), Afzelia quanzensis (Pre, Mahogany bean, KMTUZ), Albizia petersiana (Pre, KMRTU), Allophylus rubifolius (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Boscia salicifolia (Pre, Willow-leaved boscia, EKMTUZ), Brachylaena huillensis (Pre, East African sandalwood, KTU), Combretum schumannii (Pre, Forest tree combretum, KMTZ), Cordyla africana (Pre, Wild mango, KMTZ), Dalbergia nitidula (Pre, Glossy flat-bean, BMRTUZ), Dialium orientale (Pre, KT), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia villosa (Pre, Mallow-leaved cross-berry, EKTU), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Pre, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Markhamia obtusifolia (Pre, Golden bean tree, BKMRTZ), Milicia excelsa (Pre, Mvule, BEKMRTU), Olea europaea (Pre, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Strychnos henningsii (Pre, Henning's strychnos, EKMTUZ), Strychnos innocua (Pre, Dull-leaved strychnos, BEKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Terminalia prunioides (Pre, Purple pod cluster-leaf, EKTZ), Terminalia spinosa (Pre, Spiny terminalia, EKTU), Vitex doniana (Pre, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Vitex payos (Pre, Black plum, KTZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Pre, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Hyphaene compressa (Mar, Doum palm, EKT)
- Flooring, Panelling
- Beehives Thespesia danis (Cha, EKT), Albizia versicolor (Pre, Poison-pod albizia, BKMRTUZ), Cordyla africana (Pre, Wild mango, KMTZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Hyphaene compressa (Mar, Doum palm, EKT)
- Tools, Tool handles, Shafts Manilkara mochisia (Dom, Milk berry, KMTZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Spirostachys venenifera (Cha, KT), Thespesia danis (Cha, EKT), Albizia petersiana (Pre, KMRTU), Albizia versicolor (Pre, Poison-pod albizia, BKMRTUZ), Brachylaena huillensis (Pre, East African sandalwood, KTU), Combretum schumannii (Pre, Forest tree combretum, KMTZ), Cordyla africana (Pre, Wild mango, KMTZ), Dalbergia nitidula (Pre, Glossy flat-bean, BMRTUZ), Dialium orientale (Pre, KT), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia villosa (Pre, Mallow-leaved cross-berry, EKTU), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Pre, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Manilkara sansibarensis (Pre, KT), Milicia excelsa (Pre, Mvule, BEKMRTU), Olea europaea (Pre, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Strychnos henningsii (Pre, Henning's strychnos, EKMTUZ), Strychnos innocua (Pre, Dull-leaved strychnos, BEKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Terminalia prunioides (Pre, Purple pod cluster-leaf, EKTZ), Vitex payos (Pre, Black plum, KTZ), Acacia mellifera (Mar, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ)
- Carvings, Utensils, Walking stick, Bow, Arrow Manilkara mochisia (Dom, Milk berry, KMTZ), Dobera glabra (Cha, EKUZ), Spirostachys venenifera (Cha, KT), Thespesia danis (Cha, EKT), Afzelia quanzensis (Pre, Mahogany bean, KMTUZ), Albizia petersiana (Pre, KMRTU), Albizia versicolor (Pre, Poison-pod albizia, BKMRTUZ), Brachylaena huillensis (Pre, East African sandalwood, KTU), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum schumannii (Pre, Forest tree combretum, KMTZ), Cordyla africana (Pre, Wild mango, KMTZ), Dalbergia nitidula (Pre, Glossy flat-bean, BMRTUZ), Dialium orientale (Pre, KT), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia villosa (Pre, Mallow-leaved cross-berry, EKTU), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Pre, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Manilkara sansibarensis (Pre, KT), Manilkara sulcata (Pre, KT), Olea europaea (Pre, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Rhodognaphalon schumannianum (Pre, Wild kapok, KMRT), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Terminalia spinosa (Pre, Spiny terminalia, EKTU), Vitex doniana (Pre, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Vitex payos (Pre, Black plum, KTZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Pre, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Mar, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ)
- Boat building
- Farm implements
Human consumption
- Edible fruit, Edible nut, Edible seed Manilkara mochisia (Dom, Milk berry, KMTZ), Dobera glabra (Cha, EKUZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Sideroxylon inerme (Cha, White milkwood, KTZ), Thespesia danis (Cha, EKT), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Cordyla africana (Pre, Wild mango, KMTZ), Dialium orientale (Pre, KT), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia villosa (Pre, Mallow-leaved cross-berry, EKTU), Hymenaea verrucosa (Pre, Gum copal tree, KT), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Pre, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Manilkara sansibarensis (Pre, KT), Manilkara sulcata (Pre, KT), Olea europaea (Pre, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Rhodognaphalon schumannianum (Pre, Wild kapok, KMRT), Sorindeia madagascariensis (Pre, Grape mango, KMT), Strychnos innocua (Pre, Dull-leaved strychnos, BEKMRTUZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Vitex doniana (Pre, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Vitex payos (Pre, Black plum, KTZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Pre, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Hyphaene compressa (Mar, Doum palm, EKT)
- Vegetable, Edible leaves, Edible roots
- Seasoning, Flavouring Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Dialium orientale (Pre, KT), Olea europaea (Pre, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Pre, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Drink, Soup Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Dialium orientale (Pre, KT), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Olea europaea (Pre, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Strychnos henningsii (Pre, Henning's strychnos, EKMTUZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Pre, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Hyphaene compressa (Mar, Doum palm, EKT)
- Edible oil, Edible gum, Edible inner bark Dobera glabra (Cha, EKUZ), Rhodognaphalon schumannianum (Pre, Wild kapok, KMRT), Acacia mellifera (Mar, Honey acacia, EKTUZ)
- Medicine Manilkara mochisia (Dom, Milk berry, KMTZ), Dobera glabra (Cha, EKUZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Spirostachys venenifera (Cha, KT), Thespesia danis (Cha, EKT), Acacia brevispica (Pre, Wait-a-bit thorn, BEKRTU), Afzelia quanzensis (Pre, Mahogany bean, KMTUZ), Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Albizia petersiana (Pre, KMRTU), Albizia versicolor (Pre, Poison-pod albizia, BKMRTUZ), Allophylus rubifolius (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Boscia salicifolia (Pre, Willow-leaved boscia, EKMTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum schumannii (Pre, Forest tree combretum, KMTZ), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia villosa (Pre, Mallow-leaved cross-berry, EKTU), Harrisonia abyssinica (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Pre, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Manilkara sansibarensis (Pre, KT), Manilkara sulcata (Pre, KT), Markhamia obtusifolia (Pre, Golden bean tree, BKMRTZ), Milicia excelsa (Pre, Mvule, BEKMRTU), Olea europaea (Pre, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Rhodognaphalon schumannianum (Pre, Wild kapok, KMRT), Strychnos henningsii (Pre, Henning's strychnos, EKMTUZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Terminalia prunioides (Pre, Purple pod cluster-leaf, EKTZ), Terminalia spinosa (Pre, Spiny terminalia, EKTU), Vitex doniana (Pre, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Pre, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Mar, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ)
Animal consumption
- Fodder Dobera glabra (Cha, EKUZ), Thespesia danis (Cha, EKT), Acacia brevispica (Pre, Wait-a-bit thorn, BEKRTU), Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Allophylus rubifolius (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Boscia salicifolia (Pre, Willow-leaved boscia, EKMTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Dalbergia nitidula (Pre, Glossy flat-bean, BMRTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia villosa (Pre, Mallow-leaved cross-berry, EKTU), Markhamia obtusifolia (Pre, Golden bean tree, BKMRTZ), Milicia excelsa (Pre, Mvule, BEKMRTU), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Terminalia prunioides (Pre, Purple pod cluster-leaf, EKTZ), Terminalia spinosa (Pre, Spiny terminalia, EKTU), Vitex doniana (Pre, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Pre, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Mar, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ)
- Bee forage Manilkara mochisia (Dom, Milk berry, KMTZ), Acacia brevispica (Pre, Wait-a-bit thorn, BEKRTU), Albizia adianthifolia (Pre, Rough-bark flat-crown, BKMRTUZ), Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Albizia petersiana (Pre, KMRTU), Allophylus rubifolius (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum schumannii (Pre, Forest tree combretum, KMTZ), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Harrisonia abyssinica (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Pre, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Milicia excelsa (Pre, Mvule, BEKMRTU), Olea europaea (Pre, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Vitex doniana (Pre, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Mar, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ)
Environmental services
- Shade Manilkara mochisia (Dom, Milk berry, KMTZ), Dobera glabra (Cha, EKUZ), Thespesia danis (Cha, EKT), Afzelia quanzensis (Pre, Mahogany bean, KMTUZ), Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Albizia petersiana (Pre, KMRTU), Boscia salicifolia (Pre, Willow-leaved boscia, EKMTUZ), Cordyla africana (Pre, Wild mango, KMTZ), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia villosa (Pre, Mallow-leaved cross-berry, EKTU), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Pre, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Manilkara sansibarensis (Pre, KT), Milicia excelsa (Pre, Mvule, BEKMRTU), Olea europaea (Pre, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Rhodognaphalon schumannianum (Pre, Wild kapok, KMRT), Strychnos innocua (Pre, Dull-leaved strychnos, BEKMRTUZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Vitex doniana (Pre, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Vitex payos (Pre, Black plum, KTZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Hyphaene compressa (Mar, Doum palm, EKT)
- Ornamental, Avenue tree Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Thespesia danis (Cha, EKT), Afzelia quanzensis (Pre, Mahogany bean, KMTUZ), Boscia salicifolia (Pre, Willow-leaved boscia, EKMTUZ), Brachylaena huillensis (Pre, East African sandalwood, KTU), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Harrisonia abyssinica (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Milicia excelsa (Pre, Mvule, BEKMRTU), Olea europaea (Pre, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Rhodognaphalon schumannianum (Pre, Wild kapok, KMRT), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Vitex payos (Pre, Black plum, KTZ)
- Mulch Combretum schumannii (Pre, Forest tree combretum, KMTZ), Milicia excelsa (Pre, Mvule, BEKMRTU), Terminalia prunioides (Pre, Purple pod cluster-leaf, EKTZ), Vitex doniana (Pre, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ)
- Nitrogen fixation Albizia adianthifolia (Pre, Rough-bark flat-crown, BKMRTUZ), Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Albizia versicolor (Pre, Poison-pod albizia, BKMRTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Mar, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ)
- Soil conservation, Soil improvement Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Albizia adianthifolia (Pre, Rough-bark flat-crown, BKMRTUZ), Allophylus rubifolius (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum schumannii (Pre, Forest tree combretum, KMTZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Milicia excelsa (Pre, Mvule, BEKMRTU), Acacia mellifera (Mar, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Hyphaene compressa (Mar, Doum palm, EKT)
- River bank, Sand stabilization Thespesia danis (Cha, EKT), Rhodognaphalon schumannianum (Pre, Wild kapok, KMRT), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Hyphaene compressa (Mar, Doum palm, EKT)
- Windbreak
Other products
- Fibre, Weaving, Rope Thespesia danis (Cha, EKT), Grewia villosa (Pre, Mallow-leaved cross-berry, EKTU), Markhamia obtusifolia (Pre, Golden bean tree, BKMRTZ), Rhodognaphalon schumannianum (Pre, Wild kapok, KMRT), Hyphaene compressa (Mar, Doum palm, EKT)
- Thatch, Roofing, Mats, Baskets Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (Pre, River litchi, BEKMTUZ), Hyphaene compressa (Mar, Doum palm, EKT)
- Resin, Gum, Glue, Latex Dobera glabra (Cha, EKUZ), Cordyla africana (Pre, Wild mango, KMTZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Hymenaea verrucosa (Pre, Gum copal tree, KT), Manilkara sansibarensis (Pre, KT), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ)
- Basketry
- Tannin, Dye Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Dalbergia nitidula (Pre, Glossy flat-bean, BMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Rhodognaphalon schumannianum (Pre, Wild kapok, KMRT), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Vitex doniana (Pre, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia bussei (Mar, EKT), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ)
- Live fence, Dead fence Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Acacia brevispica (Pre, Wait-a-bit thorn, BEKRTU), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Harrisonia abyssinica (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Strychnos henningsii (Pre, Henning's strychnos, EKMTUZ), Terminalia spinosa (Pre, Spiny terminalia, EKTU), Acacia mellifera (Mar, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Hyphaene compressa (Mar, Doum palm, EKT)
- Ceremonial Dobera glabra (Cha, EKUZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Milicia excelsa (Pre, Mvule, BEKMRTU), Olea europaea (Pre, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ)
- Toothbrushes Dobera glabra (Cha, EKUZ), Euclea racemosa (Cha, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Pre, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Rhodognaphalon schumannianum (Pre, Wild kapok, KMRT), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Pre, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ)
- Boundary marking Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Rhodognaphalon schumannianum (Pre, Wild kapok, KMRT), Vitex doniana (Pre, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ)
- Veterinary medicine, Vermifuge Dobera glabra (Cha, EKUZ), Acacia brevispica (Pre, Wait-a-bit thorn, BEKRTU), Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia villosa (Pre, Mallow-leaved cross-berry, EKTU), Harrisonia abyssinica (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Pre, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia mellifera (Mar, Honey acacia, EKTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ)
- Toxin, Insecticide, Repellent Euphorbia tirucalli (Pre, Finger euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Hymenaea verrucosa (Pre, Gum copal tree, KT), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ)
- Cosmetic, Soap, Perfume, Oil Albizia versicolor (Pre, Poison-pod albizia, BKMRTUZ), Brachylaena huillensis (Pre, East African sandalwood, KTU)
- Brooms
- Smoke bath
For more detailed information about the species occurrences see this excel workbook. It provides country specific information on species composition for this vegetation type. It also allows you to select a subset of useful tree species to provide desired products and services. For each species links to a number of websites / databases with information about this species are provided as well.
Links
Species selection tool
Other vegetation types
//vegetationmap4africa.org
Documentation
Citation and terms of use
Click here for the full terms of use, disclaimer and errors and omissions statement that accompanies our data. When using our data, you agree with these terms.
Citation
Kindt R, van Breugel P, Orwa C, Lillesø JPB, Jamnadass R and Graudal L (2015) Useful tree species for Eastern Africa: a species selection tool based on the VECEA map. Version 2.0. World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) and Forest & Landscape Denmark. //vegetationmap4africa.org
van Breugel P, Kindt R, Lillesø JPB, Bingham M, Demissew S, Dudley C, Friis I, Gachathi F, Kalema J, Mbago F, Moshi HN, Mulumba, J, Namaganda M, Ndangalasi HJ, Ruffo CK, Védaste M, Jamnadass R and Graudal L (2015) Potential Natural Vegetation Map of Eastern Africa (Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia). Version 2.0. Forest and Landscape (Denmark) and World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF). URL: //vegetationmap4africa.org
van Breugel P, Kindt R, Lillesø J-PB, van Breugel M (2015) Environmental Gap Analysis to Prioritize Conservation Efforts in Eastern Africa. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0121444. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0121444
Terms of use
1) The data and tools on //vegetationmap4africa.org can be freely downloaded and used for educational, conservation and research purposes.
2) The recipient of the data will provide a full and appropriate acknowledgement and citation (see above) in any materials or publications derived in part or in whole from the data. For any publications making substantial use of the data, the VECEA team welcome the opportunity for coauthorship, collaboration and to comment prior to publication. Expressions of interest can be send using the contact form.
3) Reproduction of the dataset or products derived from it, either whole or in part, for commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the VECEA team. For the purposes of these Terms of Use, "commercial purposes" means a) any use by, on behalf of, or to inform or assist the activities of, a commercial entity (an entity that operates "for profit") or b) use by any non-profit entity for the purposes of revenue generation. If you require permission please email info@ecodiv.org
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6) The recipient may only pass on datasets derived from these maps if the derived data are supplied with the same terms of use.
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8) The data are provided with additional supporting metadata, describing how they were compiled, ownership, type and quality of data, and limitations. The recipient must read all supporting information prior to any analysis and agree to abide by any stipulations contained therein. We cannot accept responsibility for the consequences of errors or omissions in the data, for misuse of the data by any organisation or individual, or for any damage done to computing systems into which the data are entered (see Disclaimer below).
9) The VECEA team will be informed about any products published using these data
Disclaimer
The VECEA team and its partners make no warranties or representations, express or implied, regarding the use of the material appearing in this dataset with regard to their correctness, reliability, accuracy, or otherwise. The material and geographic designations in this dataset do not imply the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the VECEA team, the Copenhagen University or the World Agroforestry Center concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, nor concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The VECEA team, the Copenhagen University nor the World Agroforestry Center shall be responsible or liable to any person, firm or corporation for any loss, damage, injury, claim or liability of any kind or character based on or resulting from any information contained in the dataset.
Errors and omissions
The VECEA team endeavour to maintain accurate and up-to-date data at all times. However, if errors or omissions are identified, the user should notify the VECEA team so that they can be corrected in future releases of the data. Users can contact the VECEA team using the contact form.
